• Lambs after birth should be allowed to suckle their dams within 2-3 hours of birth for better absorption of colostrum.
• It is rich in immunoglobulin and readily absorbed from intestine with 2-3 hours after birth.
• The lambs should be kept in an enclosure with their dams during first 3-5 days so that they could suckle colostrum in sufficient quantity.
• Thereafter the milk should be fed at the rate of 300-400g daily in two feeds.
• The creep ration should be prepared by mixing maize (40), groundnut cake (30), wheat bran (10), de-oiled rice bran (13), molasses (5), mineral mixture (2) and common salt (1) in parts. Vitamin A, B and D mixture at the rate of 20g per quintal should also be added in the creep mixture.
• Creep mixture rich protein-energy (17-18% DCP and 73-75% TDN) and highly palatable should be started feeding from first 2-3 weeks to suckling lambs beside 300-500g of legume hay and 2-3 hours of grazing on improved pasture.
• Creep ration should be prepared and supplemented to lambs at the rate of 150-200g daily for achieving desirable growth.

Lambs are grazed on improved pasture and offered grains or concentrate mixture at the rate of 300g during evening hours after grazing.In intensive system lambs are stall-fed on complete ration consisting of concentrate mixture and roughage in 50:50 or 60:40 ratios. They attained 30-33kg body weight at six month of age. The feed should contain dried leaves of Zyzyphus nummularia (50), barley (20), maize (14), mustard cake (14), mineral mixture (1) and common salt (1) parts.

• Feeding of female hogget is crucial for attaining earlier maturity and body weights for breeding.
• Hogget are grazed on improved pasture and offered concentrate mixture at the rate of 300g daily
• The supplementation of concentrate mixture should be adjusted depending upon forage supply from grazing land.
• Hogget should attain body weight of 28-30kg at 1 year of age.
• Male hogget should be raised separately for breeding purposes on grazing with concentrate supplementation at the rate of 300g daily.

• Provision of extra ration in form of concentrate mixture at the rate of 250-300 g daily 3-4 weeks before the breeding season brings the animals in estrus at a time and also improves the prolificacy and conception rate.
• The reproduction of animals is triggered by supplementation of concentrate mixture particularly in flocks maintained on low plane of nutrition.
• In field flocks of dry regions, the pods of acacia species and Khejri rich in protein are widely used during the summer months to induce estrus in sheep and goats.

• The sheep during last quarter of pregnancy require extra feed for rapid growth of foetus in the womb as well as nourishment of their own body.
• A concentrate mixture containing maize (30), groundnut cake (20), wheat bran (20), de-oiled rice bran (23), molasses (5), mineral mixture (1) and common salt (1) parts is prepared.
• Generally 300g of concentrate mixture is supplemented in addition to grazing for 8-10 hours on improved pasture

• Although the milk yield of indigenous sheep is low and ranges between 500-800g daily still this yield is not maintained on grazing alone.
• Some kind of supplementation either in the form of tree leaves or concentrate mixture should be offered for milk yield. In organized farms, concentrate mixture of 300g daily after grazing is recommended.
• Physical composition of concentrate mixture for lactating sheep remains similar as that of pregnant sheep.

• Breeding rams should be maintained on grazing on improved pasture and provided 300g of concentrate mixture during breeding season for improving the semen quality and libido.
• The quantity of supplementation should be adjusted as per the availability of forage from grazing lands.